by Record-changer »
Mon Dec 24, 2007 11:32 am
ffrr is Full Frequency Range Reproduction
ffss is Full Frequency Stereo Sound
The original ffrr was a change in the way a 78 rpm record was recorded. Originally, 78 records recorded electronically (electrically) were recorded flat, except that the bass was rolled off at 6 dB/octave below the 250 Hz turnover frequency. The ffrr process added a treble boost of 3 dB/octave above 2500 Hz, reaching 6 dB at 10 KHz, so the treble recorded is better. A complementary playback curve was needed, so Decca records needed a different playback curves, compared to the standard record in 1937. This led to the introduction of a tone control.
In the early 1950s, English Decca created a pre-emphasis curve that was unlike any other company's curve. It is often called the London curve, since London is the label English Decca uses in the US. The turnover frequency is 500 Hz, and the bass cut stops at 100 Hz to improve play in the rumble region. The treble boost is a 6 dB/octave boost reaching 10.5 dB at 10 KHz.
In 1955, English Decca adopted the RIAA curve, called the "new London" or "new ffrr" curve. This has a 500 Hz turnover, with a 50 Hz bass cut stop, and a 13.7 dB boost at 10 KHz, at 6 dB/octave.
In 1958, the stereo groove was added. ffss was used to denote a stereo record when records were sold in dual stereo and mono inventories.